THE AFGHANISTAN PROBLEM IN THE INTERNATIONAL AREA: THE TALIBAN POWER, AFGAN REFUGEES AND TURKEY

Abstract

As it is known, since the beginning of the 20th century, Islamic geography has become the center of various problems. For this reason, it is possible to see Islamic geography as a geography at the center of civil wars, ethnic and religious conflicts, coups, and imperialism. The same situation exists from the Middle East to the Caucasus and from there to Central Asia. The most prominent example of Islamic geography, which has literally turned into a conflict zone, is Afghanistan. Afghanistan, which had a major conflict with the Soviet Union in its recent history and then a serious conflict with the USA, had to face problems that were difficult to get out of. The increase in crime rates, drug smuggling, and the fact that the Afghan people began to leave the country under the Taliban government brought the problems of Afghanistan to an international dimension. For a long time, Afghanistan has been known for violence and terrorism in the international arena. This problem of Afghanistan, which is the focus of human rights violations and internal conflicts, has a high impact on the countries of the region and other countries. In particular, the issues of drug smuggling and Afghan refugees have reached a dimension that will affect both Turkey and other countries. This study will attempt to touch on Afghanistan's political and historical past, which has been embroiled in a civil and foreign war for nearly half a century. Following that, the infrastructure of global actors' policies on Afghanistan will be attempted to be understood.In the last instance, the impact of the Afghan refugee issue, which emerged due to the Taliban's coming to power, on Turkey and other countries will be analyzed. Finally, the steps to be taken by both the international community and the Afghan administration in order to end the conflicts in the region will be discussed.